diff --git a/src/server/routers/roundAssignment.ts b/src/server/routers/roundAssignment.ts
index 6286e27..ed4d3f5 100644
--- a/src/server/routers/roundAssignment.ts
+++ b/src/server/routers/roundAssignment.ts
@@ -190,9 +190,21 @@ export const roundAssignmentRouter = router({
 
       const assignedProjectIds = new Set(assignments.map((a) => a.projectId))
 
+      // Warn about jurors without profile data
+      const warnings: string[] = result.error ? [result.error] : []
+      const incompleteJurors = jurors.filter(
+        (j) => (!j.expertiseTags || j.expertiseTags.length === 0) && !j.bio
+      )
+      if (incompleteJurors.length > 0) {
+        const names = incompleteJurors.map((j) => j.name || 'Unknown').join(', ')
+        warnings.push(
+          `${incompleteJurors.length} juror(s) have no expertise tags or bio (${names}). Their assignments are based on workload balance only — consider asking them to complete their profile first.`
+        )
+      }
+
       return {
         assignments,
-        warnings: result.error ? [result.error] : [],
+        warnings,
         stats: {
           totalProjects: projects.length,
           totalJurors: jurors.length,